Electric welding and product thereof.



Patented Feb.11, 1919.

INVENTOR Q ATTO T. E. MURRAY, JR- ELECTRIC WELDING AND PRODUCT THEREOF.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-10,1918.

THQIIEAS E. MURRAY, JR, 0F BEQOKLYN, NEW YDL LK.

ELECTRIC WELDING AND PRODUCT THEREOF.

eeaecr.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

Original application filed October 4, 1917, Serial No. 194,684. LDivided and this application flied. January 16,

. 1918. Saris-.1130. 211,250.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS E. Monkey, J11, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of NewYork, have invented a certa n new and useful Improvement in ElectriclVelding and Products Thereof, of which the following is aspecification. r

The invention relates to electric welding, and consists in a productthereof, wherein the objects are united by a circumscribed area, orcircumscribed areas, of condensed and compressed metal. Surrounding eachspot, or intervening between said spots, may also be produced areas ofmetal in a less compressed or condensed state than the metal of saidspots. Between said areas of less compression may be areas of non-unionbetween said objects. I thus produce welded objects having joints whichmay be of great strength, which strength I may vary to suitcircumstances.

This application is a division of my application Serial No. 19458 1,filed October 4:, 1917, now Patent No. 1,259,271, patented Mar. 12,1918. i

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 shows two plates in sectionwelded together in accordance with my invention, and disposed betweenthe welding electrodes and in the pressing device shown in elevation.Fig. 2 is a perspective view of said welded plates, showing two weldstherein. Fig. 3 is a sectional view, showing the plates united by twowelds as in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional View, similar to Fig. 1,showing the space between the electrodes of much greater width thanthediameter of the pressing tool, so that the welded areas of the platesare correspondingly increased. Fig. 5 is a sectional view, showing twowelded areas closely approximated, so that practically there are nounwelded portions of the plates between said areas.

Similar numbers of reference indicate like parts.

Referring first to Fig. l, 1 is a base or table of refractory insulatingmaterial, having an upward projection at 2. Upon said base and onopposite sides of said projection are placed the members 3, l of a pairof fixed electrodespreferably copper blocks. Above .the fixed electrodes3, 4 are supported in any suitable manner so as to be verticallymovable, a pair of similar electrodes 5, 6. The

forcibly upon the upper plate 7, thus compressing the softened orplastic metal of the two plates between the lower face of said tool andthe upper face of projection 2. By reason of the forcible compression ofsaid heated metal, the tool enters for a short distance into the upperplate 7, forming a recess 12. c I

As each of the plates 7, 8 to be united is electrically heated to aplastic state independently of the other plate, there is no current pathfrom one plate to the other, but, on the contrary, the current path inone plate, as 7, from electrode 5 to electrode 6, is parallel to thecurrent path in the oppositeplate 8 from electrode 3 to electrode 4. Itis also obvious that inasmuch as there is no passage of the current in atransverse direction across a joint between the meeting surfaces of theplates, the resistance of such a joint is not a factor in any wiseaflecting the electrical heating of said plates; and it is furtherobvious that even if the plates be electrically heated, a weld betweenthem is not produced solely for that reason, but something else must bedone, namely: the forcing .of the plates together by the descendingpresser tool 10 at the place where their union is' desired. Because thetwo plates are supported upon the unyielding projection 2, not only arethe plates forced to unite over an area corresponding to the area of thebottom face of the tool 10, but the metal is compressed'and condensed,as indicated by the darker shaded portion 11 in the sectionalviews ofsaid lates, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5. The extent/of con ensation is indicated bythe reduced thickness of the two plates incident to the formation of therecess 12. It will be obvious that the metal of the plates includedwithin the space 9 and surrounding the highly compressed portion 12above noted is also compressed and condensed, but in a less degree thanis said portion 11. This less compressed portion 1s indicated at 13, seedotted lines, Fig. 2. In

other words, I do not produce between the plates a small sharply definedplace of welding or spot isolated in position and bounded by a distinctand well defined area in which the pieces are not welded. together. Thearea of this less compressed portion 13-is furthermore governed by thewidth of the space 9 which separates the electrodes, as will beevidentby' comparing Figs. 1 and at. In Fig. 4, the electrodes are muchmore widely separated than in Fig. 1, thus presenting a much larger areaof the plates to the heating efiect of the current. If only the centralportion of that increased, area is condensed and compressed by thepresser tool 10 of Fig. 4, then the area of less compres-- sion 13 willbe relatively much greater than as shown in Fig. 1. So that in this wayI can vary the width of that less compressed area as I may see fit, or,conversely, and by the same means, vary the areas of no weldbetween theplates as I may desire. Thus,

for example, referring to Fig. 3, here I have shown the plates 7 and 8acted upon by two presser tools'10, 10* opposed by two projections 2, 2*on the insulated table 1. Between the tools 10, 10* are arrangedelectrodes 14 and 15, both connected hereto the Y weld.

Now referring to Fig. 5, from which I have omitted for convenience theinsulating table and projections, the middle electrodes 14, 15 are madevery narrow, and the spaces- 9', equaling one another, relatively wide.Here the spots of .high compression are made, as before, butbetween theareas 13,

13* of less compression surrounding these Y having spots orcircumscribed areas where 'themetal is not only united, but subjected tohigh compression and condensationthe result being a very much strongerproduct than can be obtained by uniting the plates by simply distinctisolated well defined spots separated by areas of no union.

I-claim: i

1. Two metal bodies united by a plurality of electrically welded spotsof the metal of said bodies in a compressed state, each of said spotsbeing surrounded by a definite united area of said metal in a lesscompressed state.

2. Two metal bodies united by electrical welding as in claim 1, the saidsurrounding areas of united and less compressed metal having betweenthem areas wherein the two bodies are not united.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

THOMAS E. MURRAY,- JR. Witnesses: Gnnrnunn T. Ponrnn,

- MAY T.1M0GARRY.

